Definition: Silent thyroiditis is swelling (inflammation) of the thyroid gland, in which the person alternates between hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism .
Alternative Names: Lymphocytic thyroiditis; Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis; Painless thyroiditis
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: The cause of this type of thyroiditis is unknown. The disease affects women more often than men. It usually develops in people ages 13 - 80.
Symptoms: The earliest symptoms are those of overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). These symptoms may last for 3 months or fewer. Later symptoms may be of an underactive thyroid (including fatigue and cold intolerance) until the thyroid recovers. Symptoms are usually mild and may include:
Signs and tests: A physical examination may show: - Enlarged thyroid gland
- Rapid heart rate
- Shaking hands
Tests may show:
Treatment: Treatment is based on symptoms. Beta-blockers relieve rapid heart rate and excessive sweating.
Expectations (prognosis): Generally, silent thyroiditis will go away on its own within 1 year. The acute phase will end within 3 months. Some people may develop hypothyroidism over time. Regular follow-ups with a doctor are recommended.
Complications: Hypothyroidism may develop.
Calling your health care provider: Call your health care provider if you have symptoms of this condition.
References: AACE Thyroid Task Force. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice for the Evaluation and Treatment of Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism. Endocr Pract. 2002;8:459. Ladenson P, Kim M. Thyroid. In: Goldman L and Ausiello D, eds. Goldman: Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa:Saunders;2007:chap 244.
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